نشریه برنامه ریزی و توسعه گردشگری
پیاپی 42 (پاییز 1401)

This study was designed and implemented to identify the executive priorities of the 13th government in order to develop Iran's tourism industry, considering the county’s potential, the importance of the tourism industry as a tool for sustainable development, and the importance of developing appropriate programs and policies to develop and benefit from this competitive industry.Design/methodology/approach: This is an applied study that relied on a mixed research method using thematic analysis and the best-worst fuzzy method. The statistical population consists of 35 experts in the tourism industry in the qualitative part, and 13 people in the quantitative part, who were selected through purposefulsampling.

Analysis of the collected data shows that the 13th government should consider 5 main priorities for developing the tourism industry, which are, in order of importance, supportive priorities (consisting of 5 main actions), managementpriorities (consisting of 6 main actions), human resources management priorities (including 5 main actions), marketing priorities (consisting of 5 main actions), and priorities related to strengthening and developing infrastructure (including 4 main actions).

The government's attention to the executive priorities presented in the current research during planningand implementation can provide the basis for better development of the Iran's tourism industry .Originality/value: In this research, the executive priorities at the macro-national level to the development of the tourism industry have been addressed for the first time.

In recent years, the convergence between supply chain and sustainability and sustainability topics has been paid much attention in the hospitality and hotel industry. The present study investigates the effects of sustainable hospitality supply chain management (SHSCM) on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty at Yazd hotels.

This study was applied in terms of goal and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The unlimited statistical population of this study included customers of 10 Yazd’s representative hotels. To do the research, the hypotheses and relevant necessity of the research were developed. Considering the research literature and its background, a questionnaire was developed to distribute it among 150 samples after its validity and reliability were confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha. Also, PLS test was used for research data analysis.

The results show that the environmental dimension of SHSCM has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction and its economic dimension has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty. The environmental dimension of SHSCM does not have a positive and significant effect on loyalty and its social dimension on satisfaction and loyalty.

In sum, hospitality businesses need to employ different strategies as for the three mentioned dimensions to improve satisfaction and loyalty of customers, increase corporate performance, and create internal advantages for themselves and the whole society in the long run.

The innovation of this research is to select between two variables of satisfaction and loyalty among customers’ perceptions and attitudes and choose Yazd’s hotels among the businesses at hospitality at the national level.

Sustainable tourism management and planning is one of the most important goals of communities to protect the environment and natural resources. National parks are one of the main natural and environmental resources for tourism, which need comprehensive protection. The aim of this study is to develop a sustainable tourism management and planning model for the protection of national parks.
Design/methodology/approach: This study is applied research according to its purpose and follows a partially mixed sequential equal status design. This research is carried out in three qualitative-qualitative-quantitative phases, in which three methods of "meta-synthesis, thematic analysis, and survey" were used.

In the first phase of the study, the researcher identified 52 items that were in accordance with the subject and content of the research using the meta synthesis method, and by examining their content, only 17 articles in the meta-synthesis process were chosen. In the next step, the thematic analysis method, using tools such as semi-structured interviews, 162 indicators were identified, from which 46 basic themes, 12 organizing themes, and three global themes were extracted. In the third phase, i.e. the quantitative phase, with the help of a questionnaire, all indicators were examined and considered from the perspective of experts. Finally, indicators such as the "role of responsible institutions and organizations, development of environmental protection infrastructure, the role of society, problem definition, and agenda setting" were considered the most important and effective indicators of sustainable tourism management and planning model for the protection of national parks.

By creating and adopting sustainable tourism management and planning for the protection of national parks, while establishing communication and interaction at three important and key levels of "community, institutions and responsible organizations, and tourists and visitors", basic measures can be taken to preserve and develop national parks in the form of sustainable management and planning in the field of tourism.

For the first time, the present research has developed a sustainable tourism management and planning model for the protection of national parks, and in terms of methodology, it is among the few studies that have used the relative partially mixed sequential equal status design. The results of the research can be useful for trustee organizations in an executive manner.

According to the VAT law in Iran and the activities of the tourism industry that are subject to VAT exemptions, this study examines the sections of "Accommodation, transportation, and travel agencies" separately.

This study uses an input-output model to analyze the price effects of VAT in the Iranian tourism industry. Introducing VAT in the production chain of products is one of the advantages of using this model. The effects analysis has been done in different scenarios.

The results showed that (1) in the accommodation sector: VAT exemption for 4- and 5-star hotels (first scenario) will not have a significant impact on tourism development. Also, by extending tax coverage to all hotels, apartment hotels, and guesthouses (second scenario), a relatively more noticeable effect will occur. (2) In the transport sector: the imposition of taxes on passenger services (rail and air) will have far-reaching distributional effects on the tourism industry, although overall it will have little effect on the general Iranian economy. (3) In travel agency services: the imposition of VAT (9%) on the services of travel agencies and tour operators and the price effects it has on the whole economy is 97% direct and only 3% indirect. (4) The backward and forward linkages related to tourism sub-sectors show the importance of transportation sub-sectors in the inter-sector relationship with other economic bodies.

In tax policies, travel agency services should be supported because they are most effective from the price policies of the tourism industry. Also, transportation services are important due to the extent of inter-sectorial relations. Any policies that have price effects on the tourism economy should be done with more consideration. Also, depending on the type of tourist and the policy maker's purpose of tax, side analyses should be done in this regard.

The Input-Output analysis in tax explanation in Iran's tourism sector is used for the first time in this study. In addition to innovation in the methodology, there is also innovation in the field and subject of research.

Nowadays, more extensive services are expected from large city parks in a way that some of them also play the role of tourist attractions. Therefore, in the present research, Sarcheshmeh Park in Khansar City has been selected as a tourist park and the satisfaction of people with its services has been evaluated.

The current research is descriptive-analytical. The data was collected with 400 questionnaires which were distributed among the visitors of Sarcheshmeh Park. Next, the data were analyzed with an exploratory factor analysis model and linear multivariate regression.

According to the factor analysis model, the quality of tourist parks is categorized into 9 factors including "vitality", "basic services", "peace and joy", "unique to an individual", "family safe", "management and maintenance", "dynamic stimulus", "complementary facilities", and "natural ecosystem". Also, based on the linear multivariate regression model, the factors of basic services, family safety, and dynamic stimulus have the greatest impact on the satisfaction of visitors with these parks.

The weakness of the investigated park is in the two factors of management and maintenance and dynamic stimulus. Among the suggestions to improve these factors, Sarcheshmeh Street can be turned into a pedestrian street, especially during busy days, installing sports equipment in the vicinity of the children's playground, installing bicycle paths in the park and the paths leading to it, and setting up seasonal exhibitions in the park.

Utilizing new statistical models and the use of more than 50 indicators for evaluation are the most important differences between this research and previous studies.

Nowadays, the probability of occurrence of the social entrepreneurship as a social and humanitarian mission is increasing through various types of businesses, including types of tourism. The present research was conducted to analyze the mediating role of rural tourism in the impact of social entrepreneurship on economic development in North Khorasan province.

This study follows a descriptive research method and is practical in terms of purpose and survey type in terms of the data collection method. Moreover, SPSS software was used for descriptive statistics, and Lisrel software was utilized to test research hypotheses. The statistical population of the research was ten target villages and tourist destinations of North Khorasan province, which were selected through the purposeful sampling method. The tool for collecting information related to the research variables was an interview-based questionnaire, whose content and construct validities were checked. The reliability of the questionnaire was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test as higher than 0.7 for all three variables of the current research.

The obtained results indicate that the variable of social entrepreneurship has a direct and significant effect on the variables of economic development and rural tourism. Also, the rural tourism variable positively affects the economic development variable. On the other hand, the social entrepreneurship variable, through the mediator role of the rural tourism variable, has an indirect and significant effect on economic development.

The key result is that the emergence of social entrepreneurship in villages with tourism potential leads to economic prosperity in both direct and indirect ways.

Most of the previous studies have paid attention to the direct and indirect social and cultural effects of social entrepreneurship, but in the present research, these effects were investigated in the economic development of villages with tourism potential.

The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and zoning the potential of urban tourism in the central part of East Azerbaijan Province (Tabriz).

By identifying and integrating fifteen social, environmental and physical variables (area density, distance from parking, distance from road, distance from medical centers, distance from green space, distance from recreation centers, slope, distance from river, snowfall, Sunny days, wind speed, population density, household density, density of the educated and density of the uneducated) were studied by clustering and self-organizing models to zoning areas prone to urban tourism.

The results of the present study showed that after studying and recognizing social, environmental and physical factors according to the algorithms used, the highest percentage of potential urban tourism area is related to the very low potential class with a value of 27.44% and the highest percentage of potential area Urban tourism in the study area was observed in a very high potential category with a value of 31.002%, respectively.

Preparation of urban tourism prone areas can be a comprehensive guide for tourists, tour operators and a scientific document for managers in order to make decisions and sustainable development.

Identifying and paying attention to the potentials of the region for urban tourism and investigating the economic, social and cultural issues related to the subject and evaluating the potential of tourism by integrating the spatial components is the innovation of this research.

Lack of attention to the future in the micro and macro tourism policies of the country and insisting on the model of "planning based on the current situation" has led to the adoption of very fragile policies to manage sports tourism destinations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the future of sports tourism destinations based on identifying the factors and drivers leading to possible scenarios up to the time horizon of 2031, which has been done through a case study in Isfahan province.

The research method of this study is survey. Research data were collected using three

interview, theoretical literature review and weighted questionnaires. The statistical population of the study included 14 experts in the field of sports tourism who were selected by purposive method. Data analysis was performed using structural analysis and scenario analysis.

Isfahan sports tourism system is an unstable system that in the future will depend on the immediate changes of variables with high uncertainty. Based on the identification of four critical uncertainties and five predetermined factors, a total of 16 scenarios were created, including two unlikely scenarios, five inconsistent scenarios, three low-probability scenarios, four medium-probability scenarios and two high-probability scenarios.

The lack of a unified and coherent policy with the ability of continuous and dynamic updating at the national level, has led to the vulnerability of sports tourism destinations in Isfahan province. Therefore, the most important strategies and future planning actions should be focused on policy-making at the provincial level.